UN: “Great finance divide” amid COVID-19 poses major setback for sustainable development
With spiking global food and fuel prices, UN fears conflict in Ukraine dramatically worsens the economic outlook and the risk of widespread debt crises.
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- The changing global environment underscores the importance of maintaining flexibility in addressing pressing issues in the FfD follow-up process. Each annual report thus includes a discussion of a different specific thematic issue.
- Financing sustainable development in an era of transformative digital technologies (2020)
- Integrated national financing frameworks (2019)
- Financing investment in selected SDGs (2018)
- Financing investment and social protection (2017)
- Action Areas
- Cross-cutting issuesThis section covers those initiatives and issues that build on the synergies of the SDGs and address critical gaps in their delivery, including gender equality and infrastructure finance.
- Delivering social protection and essential public services
- Ending hunger and malnutrition
- Closing the infrastructure gap
- Promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization
- Generating full and productive employment for all
- Protecting ecosystems
- Promoting peaceful and inclusive societies
- Gender equality
- Investing in children and youth
- Addressing the diverse needs and challenges faced by countries in special situations
- Global partnership
- Domestic public resources This action area covers the quantity and quality of domestic resource mobilization such as taxation, budgeting of resources, and use of resources, along with accountability and SDG alignment.
- Domestic resource mobilization and taxation
- Tax policy effectiveness, transparency and administration
- Illicit financial flows
- Return of stolen assets
- International tax cooperation: International efforts to Combating tax avoidance and evasion
- International tax cooperation: Combatting money laundering/terrorist financing
- International tax cooperation: Tax treaties, voluntary agreements and tax incentives
- International tax cooperation: Capacity building
- National control mechanisms, transparency, non-discrimination and procurement
- Fossil fuel subsidies
- Extractives and resources sector
- National development banks
- Subnational urban development/planning, subnational financing
- Domestic and international private business and finance
- The investment climate
- Achieving financial inclusion
- Facilitating the flow of remittances
- Developing domestic capital markets
- Encouraging quality direct investments
- Sustainable investing and private sector efforts and initiatives on environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors
- Encouraging philanthropic engagement that is transparent and accountable
- Incentivizing investment in underfunded areas
- International development cooperation
- Official development assistance
- South-South and triangular cooperation
- Multilateral development banks
- Other official flows and catalysing additional resources
- Country allocation, levels of concessionality and graduation issues
- Development effectiveness
- Climate finance, disaster risk and environmental resilience
- Humanitarian finance and peacebuilding
- Innovative development finance
- Partnerships in health
- Partnerships in education
- International cooperation and capacity building
- International trade as an engine for developmentThis action area covers measures to strengthen the multilateral trading system, facilitate international trade, and promote policy coherence in trade.
- Special and differential treatment/least developed countries
- Agriculture and fisheries
- Access to affordable medicines
- Progress on implementation of the Bali and Nairobi outcomes
- Trade negotiations, WTO accessions, trade policy reviews and trade monitoring reports
- Trade and the SDGs
- Trade Finance
- Aid for Trade
- Trade facilitation
- Development at the local level & the domestic enabling environment for trade
- Coherence among bilateral and regional trade and investment agreements
- Trade and investment agreements
- Gender/women as producers and traders
- The role of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
- United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
- Illegal wildlife trade/fishing/logging/mining
- Debt and debt sustainabilityThis action area covers recent trends in debt levels and debt sustainability as well as efforts as debt crisis prevention and debt crisis resolution.
- Maintaining debt sustainability and improving debt sustainability assessments
- Improving public debt management
- Towards responsible borrowing and lending
- Innovative instruments for managing debt burdens
- Improving debt data and reporting
- Debt crisis resolution: Actions by official creditors
- Additional mechanisms, including involving private creditors
- Legislative efforts to address non-cooperative minority creditors
- Strengthening national legislation to address domestic sovereign debt
- Addressing systemic issuesThis action area covers efforts to enhance coherence and reduce vulnerabilities in the international system, strengthen global governance, address transnational crime and promote safe migration.
- Science, technology, innovation and capacity-buildingThis action area covers access to technology, the creation of innovation systems, research & development, and international support including with capacity-building.
- Promoting information and communication technology, access to technology for all and social innovation
- Developing national policy frameworks for science, technology and innovation
- Creating a more enabling environment for science, technology and innovation
- National level institutions and mechanisms to strengthen science, technology and innovation
- International level institutions and mechanisms to strengthen science, technology and innovation
- Technology transfer
- Actions within the United Nations or by the United Nations system
- Capacity building
- New technologies and financing for development
- Data, monitoring and follow-upThis action area covers the production of high quality disaggregated data for policy making, as well as data gaps and monitoring challenges.
- Cross-cutting issuesThis section covers those initiatives and issues that build on the synergies of the SDGs and address critical gaps in their delivery, including gender equality and infrastructure finance.
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